Greek History Lecture Notes
This assignment was to test the students if we could pay attention and listen carefully because in college note taking is something that the students do there often. Mr. Aguirre wanted to give us a little taste on what it will be like in college because its only three years away. The students also needed the lecture notes because if we need any additional information to help us write our essays we have notes to look back on.
I learned a lot from completing this assignment. It taught me that in order to take good notes you cant slack off, you really do need to pay attention. I noticed during the lectures that the teacher can tend to speak fast and you may need to hurry up and write your notes down as fast as possible, but I learned that if you need a moment to catch up ask your teacher to stop for maybe a minute or two for you to catch up or at the end of class you could always ask clarifying questions to fill i the rest of your notes. Another strategy that I learned that will help me in college would be recording the whole lecture on a device so that if you happen to miss anything then you could always listen back on the recording. Speak up for yourself because if you don't you wont get what you needed and no one else will do it for you.
I learned a lot from completing this assignment. It taught me that in order to take good notes you cant slack off, you really do need to pay attention. I noticed during the lectures that the teacher can tend to speak fast and you may need to hurry up and write your notes down as fast as possible, but I learned that if you need a moment to catch up ask your teacher to stop for maybe a minute or two for you to catch up or at the end of class you could always ask clarifying questions to fill i the rest of your notes. Another strategy that I learned that will help me in college would be recording the whole lecture on a device so that if you happen to miss anything then you could always listen back on the recording. Speak up for yourself because if you don't you wont get what you needed and no one else will do it for you.
Greek History Lecture Notes
Date: 10-6-14
5th Century Athens
-Democracy
- Balcom Peninsula citizens didn't have enough food to feed their people, they specialized in olives and grapes so they used them to make two things that were worth selling. Wine and olive oil. They sold these to others in order to get what they needed aside from grapes and olives. They were always in need of grains.
-The Greeks needed the trading paths located in the Black Sea in order to trade wine and oil for grains.
-Once Troy heard about what the Greeks were doing with the different trading paths they began to tax them for each ship wanting to pass the Black Sea.
-At the end of the Trojan War, there was a new migration, the Dorians. They pushed out the Ionians (Greeks).
-The Dorians came from Asia, they were short and had dark skin.
Dark Ages: No art, culture, or literature (nothing was everything)
-We believe now that the Dark Ages came to be because of famine and that a drought had been in act at the time.
-During the Dark Ages there was a small and weak government so there was little control. You had to survive if you wanted to live, this went on for about 200-300 years.
-Ionians moved to Persia, the Persians didn't mind at all as long as they paid their taxes.
The Beginning of Modern Thought:
-The Persians may have been good at math and astronomy, but they never used those skills for a better use. The Greeks however took advantage of what the Persians have taught them. The Greeks invented Natural Law.
-Freedom of thought (new ideas) were always happening throughout the colonies.
Natural Law: Born in Ionia, came from mathematics.
-The Ionians were Natural Philosophers. When they had a question about certain situations they thought that there might be an explanation to solve it.
Ex: When it would be raining and lightning would strike, instead of saying “Oh its Zeus, God of Sky throwing thunderbolts down from the heavens”, they would think of another possibility, like electricity.
-Everything then changes in Athens, and Athens changes the world with Natural Law.
Date: 10-7-14
Demos-Kratia
Demos: People
Kratia: Power
- You could make predictions with mathematics and astronomy.
-Ionia is liberal, they like change and new ideas.
The Ionian philosophers began to use logic and reason. They had 4 different elements, Air, Earth, Water, and Fire.
Demokritus-Earth is made out of matter which are what the elements are made out of. He used logic, reason, and observation.
Thales figured out the earths circumference by observing a ship sail to see and watch it disappear, he figured that would only happen if earth was in the shape of a sphere.
-If you sacrifice to the gods you get justice.
If you don't honor the gods then the world will fall apart
-Everyone wants a god who is fair, Fairness=Justice.
Ionian philosophers gave the greeks another choice, logic.
-The Greeks wanted their own independence from the Persians, they wanted to stop paying taxes.
-Ionians attack the Persians, win, then they gain their independence.
-Darius, the Greeks have the attention of him because the Athenians have no army to fight. He rules a state that's predatory. He's wealthy and sends an army to Marathon.
Everything we know about history comes from Herodotus, the father of history.
A small state replied to the Greeks and Athenians. The Persians were outnumbered by the Greeks/Pythia.
-Athenians, Pythians march out to the Persians, soon a great war is created. Both sides have different battle strategies.
Athenians: Heavy armor, had formation aka the Phalyinx, which is made of individual soldiers. They weren't a trained army like the Spartans or Persians, they defended their land because there were a democracy.
-Dangerous Opponent, they were called the Hoplikes.
Weapons: Big shield, spear, breastplate, and a helmet that would cover your entire head.
The Athenians watched the Persians near a river and waited for a good time to attack. The Persians observed the Phalyinx.
Persians
-Wore little armor, they wore wither which is the material made out of woven baskets.
The greeks then started killing the Persians while they scrambled everywhere. There were 4,000 Persians dead and only 197 dead Athenians. The Athenians then sent a runner by Athens. He whispers a great greek word for victory, nikea. Athenians then let everyone know that they're free men now, a democracy. Darius dies a couple years later.
-Zircus, Darius son wants Justice, he then puts together his own army which consumes millions of men. He wants revenge.
Date: 10-8-14
Persian War contains two wars. 1st war happened in 490, the second one happened in 480.
-Persians need to fight the 300, spartans
-leaders send Dem Dieses to the oracle of Delphi which is a famous oricle. Democles brings gifts to the oricle and asks if if the Persians are coming what should the Atheneinas do?
-Oricle says “You will find saftey behind the woodedn walls.”
-Xericus best soldiers were claaled the immortals because if one man died there would laways be another to replace it.
-1st day the Persians attack, then a second time, as they fought they were dead corpes evrywhere and they stayed there. At the end of the forth day there was a carpet of dead bodies.
-300 defeats all of them, the spartans are betrayed by a thebian.
-Thebeian givessecret goat path to the Persians to atack, After the Persian war was over the people went to the hotcaves, which is basically a spa.
-The Atheninas abanded Athens
-wooden walls are triens, ships. They are very narrow and have 3 rows of rowers. Whenever they fought persian ships the Greeks would ususally win. They destroyed the Persians 50% sinks Salamis.
-persians fought at battle of plythia, Greeks. Athens was burnt down by the persians
-Greeks form an aliiance, every year, every state will contribute ships, money. Everyone hates the Persians.
-Delian league led by Athens, the first thing they do is wipe out the pirates, more states send out money instead of ships.
-athenians build more ships, there navy grows stronger.
-450 Pericles
City states send money which heads to Athens
-Pericles the leader of the Atheninas uses money to rebuild Athens with the money.
-They bulid beautiful temples and they get Justice.
-404 the parthenon was built made out of marble, little bits of gold were stuck in the marble so it looked like the Parthanon would glow gold.
-Someone got mad about the Atheninas taking the money for ther own uses.
Date: 10-13-14
Atheninas go to Peraditus, have you seen any pirates? or Persians?
-The athens became a democracy, ruled by kings, citizens voted
To qualify as an Athenina, you need to be a man, own property, and both parents had to be born in Athens, and you cant be a slave.
Date: 10-14-14
-pericles catches the Plage dies, no other leader, bad timing for Athens
Seige war fare
Mios, 416
-sending a big fleet torwards milos they tell the melians you need to start paying, they say no.
The atheninas attacked the melians killed evryone
-years later spring plays 415 second place went to euripedes played called trojan Women.
Atheninas love tragedy , atheninas need wheat spartans needed persians to make it hard to get thorugh the black sea.
-Alcibis aristocraft, wear purple, party animal.
Cast wear purple
athletic, handosme
Socrates was his teeacher they went to sicily he funds the expedition.
Date: 10-6-14
5th Century Athens
-Democracy
- People decided to make decisions for themselves, they were into voting and art.
- Created the Parthenon (building)
- Created plays, invented theater, plays were born in Athens.
- Balcom Peninsula citizens didn't have enough food to feed their people, they specialized in olives and grapes so they used them to make two things that were worth selling. Wine and olive oil. They sold these to others in order to get what they needed aside from grapes and olives. They were always in need of grains.
-The Greeks needed the trading paths located in the Black Sea in order to trade wine and oil for grains.
-Once Troy heard about what the Greeks were doing with the different trading paths they began to tax them for each ship wanting to pass the Black Sea.
-At the end of the Trojan War, there was a new migration, the Dorians. They pushed out the Ionians (Greeks).
-The Dorians came from Asia, they were short and had dark skin.
- For weapons, the Dorians used iron to mold out battle attire.
- For weapons the Ionians used bronze to mold out battle attire.
Dark Ages: No art, culture, or literature (nothing was everything)
-We believe now that the Dark Ages came to be because of famine and that a drought had been in act at the time.
-During the Dark Ages there was a small and weak government so there was little control. You had to survive if you wanted to live, this went on for about 200-300 years.
-Ionians moved to Persia, the Persians didn't mind at all as long as they paid their taxes.
The Beginning of Modern Thought:
- The start of modern thought was when two cultures came together as one, for instance the Greeks and the Persians.
- It occurs in Ionia
-The Persians may have been good at math and astronomy, but they never used those skills for a better use. The Greeks however took advantage of what the Persians have taught them. The Greeks invented Natural Law.
-Freedom of thought (new ideas) were always happening throughout the colonies.
Natural Law: Born in Ionia, came from mathematics.
-The Ionians were Natural Philosophers. When they had a question about certain situations they thought that there might be an explanation to solve it.
Ex: When it would be raining and lightning would strike, instead of saying “Oh its Zeus, God of Sky throwing thunderbolts down from the heavens”, they would think of another possibility, like electricity.
-Everything then changes in Athens, and Athens changes the world with Natural Law.
Date: 10-7-14
Demos-Kratia
Demos: People
Kratia: Power
- You could make predictions with mathematics and astronomy.
-Ionia is liberal, they like change and new ideas.
The Ionian philosophers began to use logic and reason. They had 4 different elements, Air, Earth, Water, and Fire.
Demokritus-Earth is made out of matter which are what the elements are made out of. He used logic, reason, and observation.
Thales figured out the earths circumference by observing a ship sail to see and watch it disappear, he figured that would only happen if earth was in the shape of a sphere.
-If you sacrifice to the gods you get justice.
If you don't honor the gods then the world will fall apart
-Everyone wants a god who is fair, Fairness=Justice.
Ionian philosophers gave the greeks another choice, logic.
-The Greeks wanted their own independence from the Persians, they wanted to stop paying taxes.
-Ionians attack the Persians, win, then they gain their independence.
-Darius, the Greeks have the attention of him because the Athenians have no army to fight. He rules a state that's predatory. He's wealthy and sends an army to Marathon.
Everything we know about history comes from Herodotus, the father of history.
A small state replied to the Greeks and Athenians. The Persians were outnumbered by the Greeks/Pythia.
-Athenians, Pythians march out to the Persians, soon a great war is created. Both sides have different battle strategies.
Athenians: Heavy armor, had formation aka the Phalyinx, which is made of individual soldiers. They weren't a trained army like the Spartans or Persians, they defended their land because there were a democracy.
-Dangerous Opponent, they were called the Hoplikes.
Weapons: Big shield, spear, breastplate, and a helmet that would cover your entire head.
The Athenians watched the Persians near a river and waited for a good time to attack. The Persians observed the Phalyinx.
Persians
-Wore little armor, they wore wither which is the material made out of woven baskets.
The greeks then started killing the Persians while they scrambled everywhere. There were 4,000 Persians dead and only 197 dead Athenians. The Athenians then sent a runner by Athens. He whispers a great greek word for victory, nikea. Athenians then let everyone know that they're free men now, a democracy. Darius dies a couple years later.
-Zircus, Darius son wants Justice, he then puts together his own army which consumes millions of men. He wants revenge.
Date: 10-8-14
Persian War contains two wars. 1st war happened in 490, the second one happened in 480.
-Persians need to fight the 300, spartans
-leaders send Dem Dieses to the oracle of Delphi which is a famous oricle. Democles brings gifts to the oricle and asks if if the Persians are coming what should the Atheneinas do?
-Oricle says “You will find saftey behind the woodedn walls.”
-Xericus best soldiers were claaled the immortals because if one man died there would laways be another to replace it.
-1st day the Persians attack, then a second time, as they fought they were dead corpes evrywhere and they stayed there. At the end of the forth day there was a carpet of dead bodies.
-300 defeats all of them, the spartans are betrayed by a thebian.
-Thebeian givessecret goat path to the Persians to atack, After the Persian war was over the people went to the hotcaves, which is basically a spa.
-The Atheninas abanded Athens
-wooden walls are triens, ships. They are very narrow and have 3 rows of rowers. Whenever they fought persian ships the Greeks would ususally win. They destroyed the Persians 50% sinks Salamis.
-persians fought at battle of plythia, Greeks. Athens was burnt down by the persians
-Greeks form an aliiance, every year, every state will contribute ships, money. Everyone hates the Persians.
-Delian league led by Athens, the first thing they do is wipe out the pirates, more states send out money instead of ships.
-athenians build more ships, there navy grows stronger.
-450 Pericles
City states send money which heads to Athens
-Pericles the leader of the Atheninas uses money to rebuild Athens with the money.
-They bulid beautiful temples and they get Justice.
-404 the parthenon was built made out of marble, little bits of gold were stuck in the marble so it looked like the Parthanon would glow gold.
-Someone got mad about the Atheninas taking the money for ther own uses.
Date: 10-13-14
Atheninas go to Peraditus, have you seen any pirates? or Persians?
-The athens became a democracy, ruled by kings, citizens voted
To qualify as an Athenina, you need to be a man, own property, and both parents had to be born in Athens, and you cant be a slave.
Date: 10-14-14
-pericles catches the Plage dies, no other leader, bad timing for Athens
Seige war fare
Mios, 416
-sending a big fleet torwards milos they tell the melians you need to start paying, they say no.
The atheninas attacked the melians killed evryone
-years later spring plays 415 second place went to euripedes played called trojan Women.
Atheninas love tragedy , atheninas need wheat spartans needed persians to make it hard to get thorugh the black sea.
-Alcibis aristocraft, wear purple, party animal.
Cast wear purple
athletic, handosme
Socrates was his teeacher they went to sicily he funds the expedition.